Creating
any one of Jaguar Marine's Classic design boats starts with the
production of a "Plug". This is a simulated version of
the exact shape and dimensions that the finished hull will have.
Once the
"Plug" has been meticulously shaped and fine tuned, a
mold is taken from it. When the mold is cured and ready, it receives
at least
6 coats of wax before the process of "Laying Up" a boat
begins. With the exception of special requirements or special orders
a Jaguar hull
is essentially made up of 3 main layers. First, the laminate or
outside skin, then the core such as core cell material and then
a fiberglass inside layer. These are applied one on top of the
next, at just the right curing time, so they create a continuous
bond. This achieves a perfect marriage of strength and flexibility
in a light weight hull with positive buoyancy.
Just prior to the first
laminate a gel coat is applied which determines the color of the
hull or deck as the case may be. Then for each successive layer
of construction Clark has determined the "gel
time," or
how much time he has until the resin sets into a solid form. He
does this by testing the resin
at different catalyst rates.
Catalyst rates, which are carefully recorded, depend on factors such
as the temperature of the air and humidity.
Once the gel time is known,
his workers get into position. The skill here is to get the materials
and the vacuum bag laid down, and the pressure applied before
the resin hardens. A vacuum
hose is hooked up and dialed into the predetermined pressure setting.
By sucking air out of the bag, equal
pressure
is applied to the laminate, which removes excess resin while also
reducing the air pockets between the fabric and the
skin coat. This
vacuum process requires an hour per section to complete.
At
the end of the vacuum time, the pump is turned off, the bag is stripped
off, the bubble pack is pulled away, and the peel ply and bleeder
fabric
containing the excess resin are discarded. "You are left with the
finished product, the glass literally pressed to the skin coat up
against the mold," Clark states. The next area is then cleaned and
prepared and the process begins again with the new tape line being
set.
And that's just the first
layer. The second layer is the Core-Cell foam core. Clark repeats
the procedure, using 1-inch thick Core-Cell, a rigid PVC foam instead
of the fabric, and instead of
using the Derakane vinyl ester resin, which is used on the fabric,
Clark uses a system in which the
Core-Cell
is set in a Core-Bond Bedding
compound.
Core-Cell is unique among
rigid plastic foams since it can be compressed up to 50 percent
of
its thickness without rupture or crumbling of the cell walls. This
makes it ideal for use in construction of boat hulls designed
to take
high-impact slamming loads and heavy pounding in open seas. "Because
it has memory", Clark noted," the foam core returns to its
original shape after taking a hit".
After the core foam has
been vacuum-bagged into place throughout the entire hull, the
first
step or layer is repeated to create a "sandwich construction". Clark
and his crew start all over again, putting down fabric and establishing
a tape line over the Core-Cell foam. Step by step the layers of the
boat form from the outside to the inside. They are, gel coat, skin
coat, laminate
(choice
of fiberglass or Kevlar), Core-Cell, Core-Bond, and laminate. Clark
also uses carbon fiber and Kevlar in various support areas of the
boat for
greater strength.
The stringers and bulkheads are created by the vacuum-bagging
process,
as is the deck. Once the bulkheads and stringers are installed,
the boat is removed from the mold. Before the hull and deck are joined,
the fuel tanks are installed; or in the case of race boats, fuel
cells are used. These are flexible fuel tanks, similar to those used
in airplanes and race
cars. Foam inside the cells prevents fuel from sloshing around. Fuel
cells are lightweight and their construction provides and added
margin
of safety as well. The deck and hull are joined in a double-bonding
technique (bonding inside and outside the hull). Clark's tunnel
hulls
weigh approximately 100 pounds per foot. Thus, a 35-foot hull weighs
about 3500 pounds.
Core-Cells have the remarkable
ability to withstand loading well beyond the theoretical design
value.
In powerboat racing, where loadings can quickly escalate into the
realms of the unknown, it is particularly important to use a core
which can bridge the gap between theory and practice, between design
loadings and "real world" impacts. The use of Core-Cell linear
foam cores provide a level of comfort and confidence for both
the builder
and designer (not to mention the owner and driver!) that a Core-Cell
built boat is capable of taking these "real world" impact loads.
All the vessels truly illustrate Core-Cell's ability to perform
competitively
and
safely at the very edge of the design envelope. When speed increases,
and weight decreases it is indeed comforting to know that the
structure is built
with high impact, damage tolerant foam core.
Having this
added factor of safety with no compromise in performance, one really
has the best of both worlds.